Not known Factual Statements About CLBO Crystal
Not known Factual Statements About CLBO Crystal
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All-solid-state ultraviolet lasers happen to be greatly Employed in the fields of mechanical flaw detection, lithography, micromachining and drugs for some great benefits of smaller quantity, extensive life, high performance, very good beam top quality, broad tuning and slender spectral line, and many others. Using higher electricity close to-infrared coherent light-weight supply as the fundamental frequency supply based upon nonlinear tuning know-how, producing ultraviolet coherent radiation by multistage frequency conversion is considered to be a crucial way to develop the ultraviolet coherent mild resource.
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For instance, The existing concave OC could get replaced by a plane mirror which could mitigate the facility density to the floor of M1 as well as the diamond. Furthermore, using superior hurt threshold coatings for M1 and diamond would also improve the output ability with none damages. Then, the NIR laser on the 2nd Stokes wavelength may be large enough, along with its fantastic beam high quality, to crank out the final DUV laser at 193 nm by using a high common ability.
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On the other facet, the ability scaling with the NIR laser is an additional factor to improve the regular electricity from the 193-nm DUV laser. A result of the not enough the substantial-energy amplification Alternative of the NIR laser (as an example at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency processes for instance optical parameter oscillation (OPO) could possibly be placed on establish a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from one μm to the desired wavelength and obtaining relative better energy [21]. A short while ago, a diamond Raman laser showed its means in accomplishing a superior energy in addition to a significant conversion performance in the 1st Stokes from the 1-μm laser [22,23], which means the likelihood for being applied in the 193-nm DUV laser technology on account of its large Raman acquire and enormous frequency shift.
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Cesium Lithium Borate (CsLiB6O10 or CLBO) is the best non-linear crystal which generates ultraviolet harmonics on the Nd:YAG fundamental laser wavelength. To be able to boost the harm threshold, reduced CLBO surface roughness, by extremely-precision machining, is required. Because the CLBO crystal has quick hydroscopic response and micro scratches in machining, ultra-specific machining of your CLBO crystal is often a hard technical trouble.
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The conversion effectiveness from essential NIR to DUV is from 5% to 36% based on the reported ends in Desk 1. Rising the conversion performance will reduce the load on the look and set up of the fundamental laser amplifier plus the electric powered electrical power intake. A very good beam high quality of the basic laser can even contribute on the expanding of the conversion efficiency in addition to the appropriate electrical power intensity on the NIR and inexperienced laser during the SHG and FHG process, respectively. The highest conversion efficiencies from NIR to green and green to DUV laser by usage of CLBO crystal are 70% and all-around fifty%, respectively [twelve], which corresponds on the conversion efficiency of 35% from fundamental to DUV.
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